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Many amateur hockey referees have been in games where the officials lost control because of aggressive play, suggests a new study that takes a novel look at violence in the sport.
Almost half the hundreds of officials surveyed by medical researchers at the University of Toronto said they had been victims of physical violence themselves, from cross-checks to the head, to a fan’s sucker punch, to an attack by an irate parent after the game, according to the just-published paper.
“Referees suggest that they are both physically and verbally abused,” the paper in the Canadian Journal of Sports Medicine notes. “This potential lack of respect and hostility for referees from coaches, parents and fans creates an environment that may put all on-ice participants at higher risk for injury.”
In fact, about a third of first-time officials end up quitting after their initial season, at least partly because of such challenges, said Garth Loeppky, director of officiating for Hockey Manitoba.
“Has my safety been threatened, on the ice and off the ice? Yes, it has,” he said. “I did remember calling in the police a couple of times. These are situations where players, coaches and fans were threatening my physical well-being, largely because of calls that had to be made.”
One one occasion, a player he was trying to keep out of a fight cross-checked him in the mouth, leaving injuries that required oral surgery. At a Junior A championship two years ago, the losing coach stormed onto the ice, blaming Mr. Loeppky for having assessed a five-minute kneeing penalty.
“He was using a lot of profanity. He was making it seem as if this was personal for me, that I was personally ending their season, and he was going to make it personal for the rest of my life — all those sort of catastrophic comments.”
About 55% said they had been in games where officials lost control because of aggression on the ice, related to disagreements over penalty calls, excessive body checking or one team seeking retribution against another.
Close to half reported physical abuse of referees and almost all cited verbal assaults. Specific incidents ranged from a parent breaking an official’s finger, to a slap shot deliberately fired at close range that “shattered [the ref’s] arm,” and a fan threatening “to carve out a linesman’s eye.”
More than half those with more than 10 years’ experience said concussions seemed to be more common in their ranks, though it was unclear if that was because of heightened awareness of the injury.
More than 60% said they would favour rule changes and increased enforcement to make the game safer, such as increasing penalties for coaches who abuse officials.
Amateur hockey violence making referees lose control of games: study | News | National Post